What does "need to know" refer to when discussing access to classified information?

"Need to know" is a fundamental principle governing access to classified information. It stipulates that individuals may only access classified materials if it is necessary for them to perform their specific job functions or responsibilities. This ensures that sensitive information is protected and shared only with those who require it to complete their work effectively, thereby reducing the risk of unauthorized disclosures.

This principle is critical in maintaining the security and integrity of classified information, as it limits exposure to only those individuals who have a legitimate purpose to know. It reflects a balance between operational efficiency and security, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding information from unnecessary exposure.